• br Conclusions br Introduction During numerous physiological

  2025-01-17

  

  Conclusions Introduction During numerous physiological processes, aldehydes are generated from a variety of endogenous and exogenous precursors including amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids [1]. Most aldehydes are highly reactive and cytotoxic due to the strong electrophilic nature of the t

• br Hypoadiponectinemia in metabolic syndrome

  2025-01-17

  

  Hypoadiponectinemia in metabolic syndrome APN belongs structurally to the complement 1q family and is found at high concentrations (>0.01% of total protein) in the serum of healthy individuals [6]. Given the abundance of APN in plasma, it is assumed that alterations in plasma levels of APN might

• Adiponectin belongs to the CTRP C q TNF related

  2025-01-17

  

  Adiponectin belongs to the CTRP (C1q/TNF-related protein) superfamily. Except for adiponectin, 15 additional members have been identified (CTRP1-15) (Schaffler and Buechler, 2012). Of all the CTRPs, CTRP9 has the highest identity to adiponectin in globular domain (Wong et al., 2009). The structure o

• The results also showed that

  2025-01-17

  

  The results also showed that the A3 receptor agonist increased the phosphorylated levels of Akt, leading to activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. A3 Coumarin synthesis stimulation has protective effects against RGC death following ischemia-reperfusion, glutamate toxicity, and optic nerve transection m

• br Experimental procedures Adk tg Adktm tg UbiAdk mice were

  2025-01-17

  

  Experimental procedures Adk-tg (Adktm1−/−:tg(UbiAdk) mice were created by breeding a loxP-flanked Adk transgene under the control of a human ubiquitin promoter into ADK knockout mice (Fedele et al., 2005,). Fb-Adk-def (Adktm1−/−:tg(UbiAdk):Emx1-Cre-tg3) mice were generated by pairing Emx1-Cre-tg3

• br AMPK structure and mechanism of action

  2025-01-17

  

  AMPK: structure and mechanism of action AMPK is a metabolic master switch that regulates downstream signals based on shifts in the surrounding energy reservoir [6]. It is expressed in a number of tissues, including the kidney, the liver, the skeletal muscle, the adipose tissue, and the hypothalam

• br GMF Remodels Actin Networks at the Leading Edge

  2025-01-17

  

  GMF Remodels Actin Networks at the Leading Edge How are the conserved activities of GMF used in vivo to regulate branched mitotic inhibitors networks (e.g., at sites of endocytosis and at the leading edge) (Figure 2A,B)? In animal cells, the regulatory effects of GMF on actin networks appear to g

• br Funding br Introduction The interest in

  2025-01-17

  

  Funding Introduction The interest in the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the aquatic environment continues to increase over the past decade, specifically those that act on steroidogenic pathways. EDCs that include synthetic androgenic and estrogenic compounds can severely

• Among the AXL positive tumors that we screened the

  2025-01-17

  

  Among the AXL-positive tumors that we screened, the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-231 showed the highest AXL expression level. Additionally, AXL protein levels were higher in TNBC patient samples than in other breast cancers. Considering the difficulty of, and the urgent need for, effective treatments of TN

• br Dual role of autophagy

  2025-01-17

  

  Dual role of autophagy in human diseases Emerging evidence suggests that autophagy serves as a double-edged sword in several human diseases, such as CNS diseases (Rubinsztein et al., 2015), arteriosclerosis (Schrijvers et al., 2011) and cancer (Ozpolat and Benbrook, 2015). Likewise, currently the

• br The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy

  2025-01-17

  

  The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and Regulation by Sphingolipids Sphingolipid-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved stress response that typically promotes survival and antagonizes apoptosis. However, excessive autophagy was found to

• Exposure to cisplatin with ATR inhibitor resulted in an incr

  2025-01-17

  

  Exposure to cisplatin with ATR inhibitor resulted in an increase in cisplatin-DNA adducts, especially in cells with ATM deficiency. This finding indicates that suppressing ATR-Chk1 signaling with VE-822 enhances cisplatin activity by enabling the drug to form DNA adducts. Therefore, VE-822 may incre

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion In

  2025-01-17

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In the present study, we found that SSTR2, SSTR5, and DA2R proteins are expressed in ACTH-positive connexin mimetic peptide Gap 26 in healthy canine pituitary glands, with particularly high positive cell ratios in the intermediate lobes. Somatostati

• br Experimental Procedures br Acknowledgments

  2025-01-17

  

  Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments This work was supported by NIH/National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)R00 HG006922 and NIH/NHGRIR01 HG008974 (to J.G.), the Huntsman Cancer Institute, and the Women’s Cancers Disease-Oriented Team at the Huntsman Cancer Institute. Research repor

• Recently competitive inhibitors of arginase have been develo

  2025-01-17

  

  Recently, competitive inhibitors of arginase have been developed which have greater specificity for the enzyme. Initial development of these compounds involved determination of the crystal structure of arginase. Christianson and colleagues found that a binuclear manganese cluster was required for ca

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