• br Ultrasonic pretreatment of substrates Substrate pretreatm

  2021-03-26

  

  Ultrasonic pretreatment of substrates Substrate pretreatment is widely used in the biofuel, textile and food industries since the substrates are always difficult to degrade. During some enzymatic hydrolysis reactions, the protective layer of the substrate impedes the reaction. Ultrasonic treatmen

• One question relates to our finding that oxysterol GPR

  2021-03-26

  

  One question relates to our finding that oxysterol-GPR183 signaling is critical for CP and ILF formation in the colon but dispensable in the small intestine. GPR183 and its ligand were expressed in both the small and large intestines. Moreover, 7α,25-OHC was required for ILC3 migration to CPs not on

• As small non coding RNAs microRNAs miRNAs can

  2021-03-26

  

  As small non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) can control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by binding to the 3′-untranslated regions (3′-UTR) of messenger RNAs (mRNA) [15], [16]. miRNAs have been anticipated to regulate virtually all cellular mechanisms [17] and to play an important

• Extracellular uridine can be transported across the cell mem

  2021-03-26

  

  Extracellular uridine can be transported across the cell membrane to enter the nucleotide salvage pathway. A colon cancer cell line supplemented with uridine was capable of growing normally in the presence of 1 μM brequinar (Peters et al., 1992). The supplemented uridine may be transported into the

• br Concluding Remarks Synthetic cytokine biology has

  2021-03-26

  

  Concluding Remarks Synthetic cytokine biology has become an important research area with novel solutions and ideas for therapeutic approaches, for example, synthekines, fusokines, immunocytokines, neoleukins, MESA receptors, or synthetic Notch or cytokine receptors. In addition to their huge impa

• The isolation of a proteinaceous putative inhibitor of

  2021-03-26

  

  The isolation of a proteinaceous putative inhibitor of cysteine proteases from the extracts of Y. enterocolitica and E. coli was performed by affinity chromatography on immobilized and inactivated papain (Fig. 7A). Instead of the column variant of this technique (Tsushima et al., 1992), we used a ba

• CDK lacks DNA binding domains and nuclear localization

  2021-03-26

  

  CDK6 lacks DNA-binding domains and nuclear localization sequences, and therefore will probably be transported to the nucleus by a ‘piggy-back’ mechanism and needs to contact its specific sites indirectly through DNA-binding proteins. Besides NF-κB p65, a further candidate transcription factor is PAX

• Redundancy of tumor promoting signaling pathways

  2021-03-26

  

  Redundancy of tumor promoting signaling pathways is one of the mechanisms that prevent a lasting effect of targeted therapies, as has been demonstrated by the growing number of alternative pathways that confer resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies [3]. We show here that CSF-1R can, at least partiall

• It has been reported that NMDA receptor hypofunction

  2021-03-26

  

  It has been reported that NMDA receptor hypofunction upregulates the expression of immediate early genes in several Tn5 DNA Library for 1 ng DNA australia regions [39], [40]. Consistent with this finding, we demonstrated that MK-801 increased the number of c-Fos-positive cells in the PVN and PC/RS

• Boc-Phe-Osu mg br Materials and methods br Results br Discus

  2021-03-26

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Intra-BNST injections of NOC-9 (at all doses) were able to produce freezing and anxiogenic-like effects. Freezing was observed immediately after the NO donor injection and lasted about 2–3min (data not shown). When exposed to the EPM 5min after intra

• The BDNF Val Met polymorphism

  2021-03-26

  

  The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is also associated with decreased dendritic arborization and impaired long-term potentiation [25]. This is particularly important for the hippocampus, and healthy individuals with a BDNF Val66Met allele have decreased hippocampal volumes [30]. Hippocampal atrophy is co

• The majority of serpins inhibit serine proteases but serpins

  2021-03-25

  

  The majority of serpins inhibit serine proteases, but serpins that inhibit caspases or papain-like cysteine proteases have also been identified [4], [5]. Inhibitory serpins are ‘suicide’ or ‘single use’ inhibitors that use a unique conformational change to inhibit proteases. This conformational tran

• Nimodipine is an L type calcium

  2021-03-25

  

  Nimodipine is an L-type calcium channel antagonist that reduces excessive calcium influx during pathological conditions, contributing to its neuroprotective properties (Zornow and Prough, 1996; Kobayashi and Mori, 1998). Autophagy can be induced by increased [Ca2+] (Rami et al., 2008). Nimodipine si

• A recent study revealed that in human glioma

  2021-03-25

  

  A recent study revealed that in human glioma cells, DNA-PKcs interacted with the regulatory γ subunit of AMPK and positively regulated AMPK phosphorylation and activation under glucose-deprived conditions. This suggested that DNA-PK is an important regulator of AMPK activation in response to energy

• The collagen binding membrane proteins discoidin domain rece

  2021-03-25

  

  The collagen-binding membrane proteins, discoidin domain receptors 1 and 2 (DDR1 and DDR2) belong to the family of receptor tyrosine kinase and are expressed in a variety of mammalian cells.7, 8 These transmembrane glycoproteins (∼125 kDa) have been found to be over-expressed or atypically expressed

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